The Städel, officially the Städelsches Kunstinstitut und Städtische Galerie, is an art museum in Frankfurt, with one of the most important collections in Germany. The museum is located at the Museumsufer on the Sachsenhausen bank of the River Main. The Städel Museum owns 3,100 paintings, 660 sculptures, more than 4,600 photographs and more than 100,000 drawings and prints. It has around 7,000 m2 (75,000 ft2) of display and a library of 115,000 books.
In 2012, the Städel was honoured as Museum of the Year by the German art critics association AICA. In the same year the museum recorded the highest attendance figures in its history, of 447,395 visitors. In 2020 the museum had 318,732 visitors, down 45 percent from 2019, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It ranked 71st on the list of most-visited art museums in 2020.
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History
19th century
The Städel was founded in 1817, and is one of the oldest museums in Frankfurt. The founding followed a bequest by the Frankfurt banker and art patron Johann Friedrich Städel (1728–1816), who left his house, art collection and fortune with the request in his will that the institute be set up. In the early years, Städel's former living quarters at Frankfurt's Roßmarkt were used to present his collection. The collection received its first exhibition building at the Neue Mainzer Straße in 1833.
19th-century building
In 1878, a new museum building, in the Neo-Renaissance style, was erected by Oskar Sommer on Schaumainkai, a street along the south side of the river Main.
20th century
In 1937, 77 paintings and 700 prints were confiscated from the museum when the National Socialists declared them "degenerate art".
In 1939, the collection of the Städel Museum was removed to avoid destruction from the Allied bombings, and the collection was stored in the Schloss Rossbach, a castle owned by the Baron Thüngen near Bad Brückenau in Bavaria. There, the museum's paintings and library were discovered by Lt. Thomas Carr Howe, USN, of the American Monuments, Fine Arts and Archives program.
Renovations and extensions
The gallery was substantially damaged by air raids in World War II, it was rebuilt in 1966 following a design by the Frankfurt architect Johannes Krahn. An expansion building for the display of 20th-century work and special exhibits was erected in 1990, designed by the Austrian architect Gustav Peichl. Small structural changes and renovations took place from 1997 to 1999.
An underground wing for the presentation of contemporary art was designed by the Frankfurt architectural firm Schneider+Schumacher and opened in February 2012. This was the largest extension in the museum's history, increasing its total display area from 4,000 m2 (43,000 ft2) to 7,000 m2 (75,000 ft2).
Digital expansion
The Städel has been significantly enlarging its activities and outreach through a major digital expansion on the occasion of its 200-year anniversary in 2017. An exhibition 'digitorial' and free WiFi access are already available to visitors throughout the museum and its grounds. The museum offers to visitors a Städel app, the possibility of listening to audio guides on their own devices, and a new 'cabinet of digital curiosities'. Around its 200-year anniversary, several projects were in development, including an online exhibition platform; educational computer games for children; online art-history courses and a digital art book.
Creative commons
The Städel Museum made more than 22,000 works in its Digital Collection available for free downloading under the Creative Commons licence CC BY-SA 4.0.
Collection
The Städel has European paintings from seven centuries, beginning with the early 14th century, moving into Late Gothic, the Renaissance, Baroque, and into the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries. The large collection of prints and drawings is not on permanent display and occupies the first floor of the museum. Works on paper not on display can be viewed by appointment.
The gallery has a conservation department that performs conservation and restoration work on the collection.
Temporary exhibitions
Most visited exhibitions:
"Making Van Gogh" 2019/2020 (505,750 visitors)
"Monet und die Geburt des Impressionismus" 2015 (432,121 visitors)
"Botticelli" 2009/2010 (367,033 visitors)
"Dürer. Kunst – Künstler – Kontext" 2013/2014 (258,577 visitors)
Recent exhibitions:
"Holbein" 2023/2024
Selected works
Robert Campin, Flémalle Panels, c. 1428–1430, mixed technique, 160.2 × 68.2 cm, 151.8 × 61 cm, 148.7 × 61 cm
Jan van Eyck, Lucca Madonna, c. 1437, mixed technique, 66 x 50 cm
Fra Angelico, Madonna with Child and Twelve Angels, 1430–1433, tempera on panel, 37 x 27 cm
Rogier van der Weyden, Medici Madonna, c. 1460–1464, oil on panel, 61.7 x 46.1 cm
Master of the Frankfurt Paradiesgärtlein, Paradiesgärtlein, between 1400 and 1420, mixed technique on oak, 26 x 33 cm
Hieronymus Bosch, Ecce Homo, c. 1476, oil on panel, 75 x 61 cm
Sandro Botticelli, Portrait of a Young Woman, 1480–85, mixed technique on a poplar panel, 82 x 54 cm
Bartolomeo Veneto, Portrait of a Young Woman, between 1500 and 1530, mixed technique on a poplar panel, 44 x 34 cm
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn, The Blinding of Samson, 1636, oil on canvas, 205 x 272 cm
Johannes Vermeer, The Geographer, 1668–1669, oil on canvas, 52 x 45.5 cm
Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein, Goethe in the Roman Campagna, 1787, oil on canvas, 164 x 206 cm
Claude Monet, The Luncheon, 1868–1869, oil on canvas, 231.5 x 151.5 cm
Edgar Degas, Musicians in the Orchestra, 1872, oil on canvas, 69 x 49 cm
Directors
The directors of the Städel Museum: