Rother (or Röther) is a surname. It can refer to:
Anthony Rother (born 1972), German electronic music composer, producer and label owner
Artur Rother (1885–1972), German opera conductor
Björn Rother (born 1996), German footballer
Caitlin Rother (born 1962), Canadian-born American author and journalist
Helene Rother (1908–1999), German-born American automotive and industrial designer
Jason Rother (1969–1988), American Marine Corps Lance Corporal whose abandonment caused a scandal
Joachim Rother (1948–2021), German swimmer
Leopold Rother (1894–1978), German architect, urban planner, and educator
Michael Rother (born 1950), German musician and composer
Mike Rother (born 1958), American engineer, researcher, teacher
Sabine Röther (born 1957), East German handball player
Stanley Rother (1935–1981), American Catholic priest, missionary, and murder victim
Wilfried Rother (born 1990), French footballer