Roe is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Alban Roe (1583–1642), English Benedictine martyr
Alliott Verdon Roe (1877–1958), British aircraft manufacturer
Allison Roe (born 1956), New Zealand marathon runner and politician
Ann Roe (born 1966), Wisconsin politician
Anna Wang Roe (born 1959), American neuroscientist
Anne Roe (1904–1991), American clinical psychologist and researcher
Arthur Roe (footballer) (1892–1960), English football halfback
Arthur Roe (politician) (1878–1942), American politician and lawyer
Arthur Stanley Roe, medical doctor from Queensland, Australia
Brian Roe (1939–2014), English cricketer
Charles Roe (1715–1781), English industrialist
Charles Francis Roe (1848–1922), American military officer
David Roe (born 1965), English snooker player
Edward Payson Roe (1838–1888), American novelist
Erica Roe (born 1957), Twickenham streaker
Francis Roe (died 1620), Irish politician
Francis Asbury Roe (1823–1901), United States Navy admiral
Fred Roe (1864–1947) British artist
Gloria Roe (1935–2017), American sacred music composer and performer
James M. Roe (born 1943), American astronomer
Jane Roe (pseudonym), a legal pseudonym similar to Jane Doe
Jerry D. Roe (born 1936), American academic
John B. Roe (1942–2020), American lawyer and politician
John Septimus Roe (1797–1878), first Surveyor-General of Western Australia
Katherine Bissell Roe (1852–1921), American clubwoman
Kent Roe, American politician
Kris Roe, member of The Ataris
Marie Roe, married name of Marie Stopes
Marion Roe (born 1936), British politician
Marrion Roe (1935–2017), New Zealand Olympic swimmer
Michael Roe (born 1954), American record producer
Phil Roe (politician) (born 1945), American politician and U.S. Representative
Phil Roe (footballer) (born 1991), English footballer
Philip L. Roe (1938–2026), English dynamicist, professor of aerospace engineering
Philippa Roe, Baroness Couttie (1962–2022), British politician
Reginald Heber Roe (1850–1926), 2nd headmaster of Brisbane Grammar School, 1st vice chancellor of University of Queensland
Richard Roe (pseudonym), a legal pseudonym similar to John Doe
Robert A. Roe (1924–2014), member of the U.S. House of Representatives
Theodore Roe, African-American organized crime figure.
Thomas Roe (c. 1581–1644), English diplomat
Tim Roe (born 1989), Australian cyclist
Tommy Roe (born 1942), American pop music singer and songwriter
William Gordon Roe (1932–1999), Bishop of Huntingdon