Industrialist
Charles de Wendel had to share control of the enterprise with his mother and his brother-in-law, Baron Théodore de Gargan, which he resented, and blamed on the insistence of the Napoleonic Code on the equal rights of heirs.
In the 1830s the family matriarch, Madame Joséphine de Wendel, drew up contracts through which the children and grandchildren of François de Wendel would nominally receive a cash payment as their share of the inheritance, but the money would be invested in the business, paying a low rate of return.
Théodore de Gargan died in 1851 and Charles became the sole manager, but still shared ownership with his siblings and their children.
On 24 April 1857 Madame de Wendel, Charles de Wendel and Théodore de Gargan junior signed a deed that established the commandite of Le Fils de Francois de Wendel et Cie.
Madame de Wendel put up almost all the capital of the partnership and took 80% of the profits, while Charles took 12% and Gargan took 8%.
Wendel and Gargan greatly expanded operations at Hayange and Moyeuvre in the 1840s and 1850s.
Both plants were connected by rail to the company's coal mines and coke furnaces at Stiring-Wendel and at Seraing in Belgium, alleviating a chronic shortage of coal and coke.
During the metallurgy slump of 1847–50 Charles de Wendel was assisted by the Bank of France, which he fully repaid in 1851.
In the crisis year of 1848 Charles de Wendel and Eugène Schneider saved the foundry at Fourchambault from bankruptcy by co-signing a huge bank loan.
In 1846 Charles de Wendel and the Parisian businessman Georges Hainguerlot bought the coal mining concession of Schœneck.
Surveys proved positive, and in 1851 Wendel, Hainguerlot, the engineer Kind and the surveyor d'Hausens formed a limited company to exploit the concession, authorized in 1853 as the Compagnie des houillères de Stiring (Stiring Coal Company).
The first two shafts were sunk using an innovative system designed by Kind, but ran into problems with water.
A third shaft, sunk with more conventional techniques, was started in 1854 and entered production in 1856.
Other shafts were sunk, and production grew steadily.
Charles de Wendel undertook construction of the very modern Stiring factory while negotiating the purchase of the Schœneck concession.
It was located within the concession area and mainly manufactured railway rails. A coal extraction shaft was sunk near the factory buildings, and during the Second French Empire the Compagnie de Stiring sold coal to the Wendel company at generally favorable prices.
In 1865 the Wendel metallurgical factories were taking 7⁄8 of the output from the Compagnie de Stiring, paying below market prices.
The company records show that Charles de Wendel intervened in board meetings several times to reduce the price paid for coal by his factories.
For many years Charles de Wendel undertook costly but unsuccessful experiments on removing phosphorus from pig iron.
It was only in 1879, after his death, that the company obtained the rights to use the Thomas process.
Charles de Wendel and Théodore de Gargan founded the city of Stiring-Wendel.
The workers' town, dominated by the factories and their managers, was a model that was followed in France into the 1930s.
Charles de Wendel initiated a policy of recruiting from the children of his workers, with son following father.
In the 1850s he began a system by which promotions would be assured, based on seniority, which encouraged loyalty.
To ensure a supply of fuel Charles de Wendel purchased the Petite-Rosselle coal mines,
He created a railway network to connect the factories to each other and to the lines of the Chemins de fer de l'Est.
Charles de Wendel became an administrator of the Chemins de fer de l'Est.
Charles de Wendel supported the tariff reductions of the Anglo-French Cobden–Chevalier Treaty of 1860, saying his only regret was that his competitor, Eugène Schneider (1805–75), had been consulted beforehand and he only afterwards.
What would become the Comité des forges was founded in 1864.
The Committee had the goals of managing relations between the industry and government, promoting exports and coordinating prices.
Eugène Schneider was the first President.
There were ten members, each representing a region, including Charles de Wendel of Hayange.
The Comité des forges was always handicapped by divisions between the members from the center, the north and the east of the country.
For example, Charles de Wendel resented the control of the committee exerted by Schneider of Le Creusot in Burgundy.
