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Barbara McClintock

botanist

Barbara McClintock

American scientist and cytogeneticist

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About Barbara McClintock

Barbara McClintock was an American cytogeneticist who was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. McClintock received her PhD in botany from Cornell University in 1927. There, she started her career as the leader of the development of maize cytogenetics, the focus of her research for the rest of her life. From the late 1920s, McClintock studied chromosomes and how they change during reproduction in maize. She developed the technique for visualizing maize chromosomes and used microscopic analysis to demonstrate many fundamental genetic ideas. One of those ideas was the notion of genetic recombination by crossing-over during meiosis—a mechanism by which chromosomes exchange information. She demonstrated the role of the telomere and centromere, regions of the chromosome that are important in the conservation of genetic information. She was recognized as among the best in the field, awarded prestigious fellowships, and elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 1944.

Facts from Wikidata (CC0). Image by Smithsonian Institution/Science Service; Restored by Adam Cuerden via Wikimedia Commons (Public domain).

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Occupation: botanist, cytogeneticist, chemist, university teacher
Citizenship: United States
Born: June 16, 1902, 1902
Died: September 2, 1992, 1992

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The significance of responses of the genome to challenge Chromosome organization and genic expression The Stability of Broken Ends of Chromosomes in Zea Mays.The origin and behavior of mutable loci in maize Controlling elements and the gene The Behavior in Successive Nuclear Divisions of a Chromosome Broken at Meiosis The Production of Homozygous Deficient Tissues with Mutant Characteristics by Means of the Aberrant Mitotic Behavior of Ring-Shaped Chromosomes The Fusion of Broken Ends of Chromosomes Following Nuclear Fusion University of Missouri Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

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