pseudocardinal

Status

Their state, like the state of the antipopes and the anti-bishops these appointed/created, is disputed. Many pseudocardinals were created during the controversy between the Holy See and the Holy Roman Empire during the Western Schism, and some of the cardinals switched their obedience. The legitimacy of the popes of the different obediences during the Western Schism was not a clear matter for their contemporaries. The terms antipope, pseudocardinal and anticardinal were not used at that time, but they are now used by some modern Roman Catholic historians.

Creations by antipopes

The following antipopes created pseudo-cardinals (with status and age at time of creation in parentheses when available) :

Anacletus II

Antipope Anacletus II (1130–1138) - 3 consistories, 8 pseudocardinals

Consistory of 1130.03.29

Germano, Cardinal-Deacon

Gregorio Otone, Cardinal-Deacon

Pietro, O.S.B. Cas., Cardinal-Deacon

Consistory of 1131

Donato, Cardinal-Priest

Anselmo, Cardinal-Priest

Rainaldo, Cardinal-Deacon

Matteo, Cardinal-Deacon

Consistory of 1135.03.31 : only Benedetto, O.S.B. Cas., Cardinal-Priest

Nicholas V

Antipope Nicholas V (1328–1330) - 4 consistories, 9 pseudocardinals

Consistory of 1328.05.15

Giacomo Alberti, Bishop emeritus of Castello, Cardinal-Bishop

Franz Hermann, Cardinal-Bishop

Bonifazio Donoratico, O.P., Bishop of Chersonissos, Cardinal-Bishop

Nicola Fabriani, O.E.S.A., Cardinal-Priest

Pietro Oringa, Cardinal-Priest

Giovanni Arlotti, Cardinal-Deacon

Consistory of 1328.09

Paolo da Viterbo, O.F.M., Cardinal-Deacon

Consistory of 1329.01.19

Giovanni Visconti (38), Cardinal-Deacon

Consistory of 1329

Pandolfo Capocci, Cardinal-Deacon

Western Schism

Antipope Clement VII (1378–1394) - 12 consistories, 33 pseudocardinals

Consistory of 1378.12.18 (6)

Giacomo da Itri, Patriarch of Constantinople and Metropolitan Archbishop of Otranto (Italy), Cardinal-Priest

Niccolò Brancaccio (38), Metropolitan Archbishop of Cosenza (Italy), Cardinal-Priest

Pierre Amiel de Sarcenas, O.S.B. Clun. (69), Metropolitan Archbishop of Embrun (France), Cardinal-Priest

Pierre-Raymond de Barrière, C.R.S.A., Bishop of Autun (France), Cardinal-Priest

Nicolas de Saint Saturnin, O.P., Master of the Sacred Palace of Prefecture of the Holy Apostolic Palaces, Cardinal-Priest

Leonardo Rossi da Giffoni, O.F.M., Minister General emeritus of Order of Friars Minor (Franciscans), Cardinal-Priest

Consistory of 1381.03.19 : only Gautier Gómez de Luna, Bishop of Palencia (Spain)

Consistory of 1382.05.30 : only Tommaso Clausse, O.P., Cardinal-Priest

Consistory of 1383.12.23 :

Pierre de Cros, O.S.B. Clun., Metropolitan Archbishop of Arles (France) and Chamberlain of the Holy Roman Church of Reverend Apostolic Camera, Cardinal-Priest

Faydit d’Aigrefeuille, O.S.B. Clun., Bishop of Avignon (France), Cardinal-Priest

Aymeric de Magnac, Bishop of Paris (France), Cardinal-Priest

Sources and external links

GCatholic - Creations of (pseudo)cardinals by (Anti-)Pope

under Anacletus II (Rome)

under Benedict XIII (Avignon)

under Clement VII (Avignon)

under John XXIII (Pisa)

under Nicholas V (Rome)

Catalog of Pseudocardinals (1058-1447)