Molière is a 1919 play written by Philip Moeller, who subtitled it "A Romantic Play in Three Acts". It has a medium-sized cast, moderate pacing, and two sets; Acts I and III share the same set. Some of the play's characters are historical, figures from the French court of the 1670s. The first two acts have a single scene, while the third has a curtain drop to signal the passage of two hours time. The play shows a few scenes from the twilight of Molière, as he loses the favor of Louis XIV but retains his independence.
The play has an atypical approach for Moeller, who usually wrote historical satires that some critics said verged on burlesque. Also unusual was Moeller's reduced involvement with the original production. At the time he was wrapped up with staging the first Theatre Guild productions. Instead, Molière was shaped for the stage by producer-director Henry Miller, who also played the eponymous lead. Moeller acknowledged Miller's creative contribution in the dedication for the published play.