Elijah Baker (1742 - November 06, 1798) was an American Baptist minister who preached in Virginia and Maryland. He is known to have preached in Henrico, James City, Charles City, and York Counties before traveling Gloucester County and ultimately founding numerous churches on the Eastern Shore of Virginia and Maryland. Elijah Baker's conversion and ordination is credited to Rev. Shubal Stearns of Sandy Creek Baptist Church in Sandy Creek, North Carolina. Baker is credited with planting the following churches:
James City Baptist Church, 1773
Charles City Baptist Church, 1776
Grafton Baptist Church, 1777
Lower Northampton Baptist Church, 1778
Mesongoes Baptist Church, 1779
Hungo's Baptist Church, 1783
Matompkin Baptist Church, 1785
Chincoteague Baptist Church, 1786
Seacock Baptist Church, 1787
Portsmouth Baptist Church, 1789
Pungoteague Baptist Church, 1790
Machipongo Baptist Church
Boars Swamp Baptist Church
Four Mile Baptist Church
Baker was jailed for preaching for 56 days in Accomack County in 1778, one of the last ministers to be jailed in Virginia for opposing the state-sponsored Anglican church.