Review Links Sex Chromosomes to Aging, Disease
A review in Science argues that X and Y chromosome genes play a direct role in aging, immunity, metabolism, brain health, cancer, cardiovascular disease and responses to treatment, beyond effects of sex hormones. Drawing on human research, animal models and genomic studies, the authors describe how differences in X-chromosome activity—including genes that escape silencing or become active with age—may affect disease risk across the lifespan and could inform diagnosis, therapy and clinical-trial design. Separately, research on solar lentigines suggests that chronic endoplasmic-reticulum stress may both increase pigment production and impede its removal, helping explain why age-related sun spots persist.
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